Kazakhstan Overview:
Key Facts, Location, Culture
and Attractions

The people of Kazakhstan are a diverse, multi-ethnic population of over 20 million, predominantly composed of indigenous Kazakhs (approx. 71%) and a significant Russian minority (approx. 14-15%), along with Uzbek, Ukrainian, Uighur, Tatar, and German communities. The nation features a unique mix of Turkic heritage, Soviet history, and rapid modern urbanization, fostering a multi-confessional society. 
Key Aspects of the Population

• Demographics: As of 2025, the population is over 20.2 million, with a higher percentage of women and a largely urban population.
• Ethnic Composition (2025): The population is 71.3% Kazakh, 14.6% Russian, 3.3% Uzbek, 1.9% Ukrainian, 1.5% Uyghur, and 1.1% German, among others.
• Cultural Background: Kazakhs are a Turkic people with roots in Central Asia, traditionally nomadic, with a culture deeply tied to the steppe landscape.
• Languages: Kazakh is the state language, while Russian is used as an official language in government and business.
• Religion: The majority of the population is Muslim, with a significant minority practicing Orthodox Christianity.
• Unity and Diversity: The "Assembly of People of Kazakhstan" is a dedicated body ensuring interethnic harmony and cultural development for the nation's diverse groups. 

Key Ethnic Groups & Background

• Kazakhs: An indigenous Turkic-Mongol group originating in the 15th century, forming the absolute majority of the population.
• Russians: Represent the largest minority group, many of whom settled during the 19th-century colonization and Soviet era.
• Other Groups: The country also hosts significant populations of Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Uyghurs, and Tatars. 

Key Historical & Demographic Shifts

• Nomadic Heritage: Traditionally, the Kazakh people lived as nomads, with a culture defined by equestrian skills and hospitality.
• Soviet Era & Demographics: The 20th century saw massive population changes, including famines in the 1930s and a large influx of ethnic Russians.
• Post-Independence Trends: Following independence in 1991, the population saw a temporary dip due to migration but has experienced steady growth, with the share of ethnic Kazakhs rising to over 70%. 

The Assembly of People of Kazakhstan
A unique institution designed to foster unity among the country's diverse ethnic groups, supporting over 100 ethnic groups, languages, and cultures.